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¹ Abant İzzet Baysal University, Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Biology, Bolu, 14280, Turkey DOI : 10.4194/1303-2712-v17_6_28 Viewed : 3430 - Downloaded : 2925 To complete the first long-term study on freshwater ostracods and estimate their alpha and beta species diversity in a newly established Seben-Taşlıyayla Reservoir (Bolu, Turkey) along with nine different environmental variables, monthly samples were collected from 15 stations located around the reservoir between August 2013 and September 2014. A total of 19 taxa (10 living and 9 subfossils) was reported for the first time from the reservoir. Cypridopsis vidua was the most frequently occurring species with a wide ecological ranges and seasonal distribution. Numbers of living ostracods (the alpha diversity) were found lower than the average numbers of species per lake in Turkey (13.2 spp./lake). When the alpha diversity of the reservoir (2.079) was in the medium, beta diversity (5.2) was ranged from low to medium. Results exhibited natural aquatic habitats showed relatively higher dissimilarities in species composition than small man-made habitats and the reservoir. A possible implication of finding such low numbers of species in such artificial habitats may depend on the age of the reservoir. Finding most of the cosmopolitan (and cosmoecious) species from the reservoir is the indication of ostracods primary succession. Accordingly, long-term studies are recommended to understand possible changes in species assemblages in future. Keywords : Alpha and beta diversity, Ostracoda watch model, cosmoecious species, ecological succession