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¹ Instituto de Ecología, Pesquerías y Oceanografía del Golfo de México (EPOMEX), Universidad Autónoma de Campeche. Av. Agustín Melgar y Juan de la Barrera S/N, Col. Buenavista, Campeche, México
² Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia. Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas. Km 5 Carr. Cd. Victoria-Mante, Ciudad Victoria, Tamaulipas, México DOI : 10.4194/1303-2712-v14_2_29 Viewed : 3887 - Downloaded : 4535 Nile tilapia culture in Campeche, Mexico experiences sporadic and significant fish mortalities, where mycobacteriosis signs of disease are detected. Thirty fishes(30 ± 4 g) from different farms were monitored after a disease outbreak.Nile tilapia (Oreochromisniloticus) samples (60%) of spleen, liver and stomach display multiples granulomas with a thick capsule, walled off by epithelioid cells and robust acid-fast rods on the necrotic center. A great number of acid-fast bacilli where detected with Ziehl-Neelsen stain protocol. The bacteriological analysis of kidney displayed a 90% (26 organisms) of positive development in Lowenstein-Jensen medium with yellow or orange colonies when exposed to light and acid-fast rods.A 562-bp fragment confirms the positive result of the presence of the Mycobacterium spp.by PCR analysis;where phylogenetic analysis suggests that Mycobacteriumfortuitum and M. marinum were the principal mycobacterial species associated with tilapia mortality in Campeche, Mexico. Keywords :