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¹ Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha, Egypt Viewed : 4186 - Downloaded : 3724 In the present study, the impacts of phenol as an environmental pollutant of the inland water habitat was studied on Oreochromis aureus (O. aureus juveniles. The fish of both sexes were subjected to three sub-lethal concentrations of phenol (20%, 40% and 80% of LC50) for seven days. The hepatosomatic index (HSI) was markedly increased, whereas the gonadosomatic index (GSI) was significantly reduced in the fish subjected to phenol. Some enzymes activities and metabolites were assessed in the liver, gills and muscle. The assayed enzymes are alanine and aspartate amino transferases (ALAT and ASAT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). The measured metabolites are the glucose and total proteins content. It was observed increased enzymes activities in fish exposed to phenol. The total liver protein content was significantly reduced, which indicates tissue proteolysis; i.e., phenol induced protein consumption. Also, the liver glucose and glycogen were reduced. The liver of fish subjected to phenol showed high score of histopathological symptoms as inflammation, central necrosis and cell degeneration. These results indicated that phenol intoxication had antagonistic effects of fish health. Keywords : Oreochromis aureus, Phenol, Metabolism, Enzymes, Pollution, Histopathology