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¹ Northwest A&F University, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangling 712100, China DOI : 10.4194/1303-2712-v21_11_02 Viewed : 1936 - Downloaded : 1115 In this study, full-length cDNA of glutathione peroxidases 1 (GPX1) of Onychostoma macrolepis was cloned by RACE, and expression of GPX1 and activity of GPX in O. macrolepis suffered from heat stress were analyzed. Compared with the control group (24°C), the experimental fish were stressed for 0, 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours at the heated water (30°C). Liver had highest level and response speed in GPX1 expression among various tissues after heat stress, indicated that liver was the highest sensitive tissue to heat stress. When the water was raised to the heating temperature (30°C), the GPX activity decreased in fish serum, and the consumption of GPX eliminated the increase of ROS caused by heat stress within 3h. However, after 6h and 12h stress at 30°C, GPX activity was significantly higher than that at 0h (P<0.05), which is due to the rapid response of GPX to heat stress. In summary, fish showed a transient stress response and was acclimated to the new temperature after 24 h according to the overall expression of the GPX1 and the serum GPX activity, and both GPX1 and GPX play crucial roles in this process. Keywords : Onychostoma macrolepis, GPX1, Heat stress, Gene cloning, Gene expression