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¹ Guizhou University, College of animal sciences / Special Fisheries Research Institute, Guiyang 550025, China DOI : 10.4194/1303-2712-v18_1_20 Viewed : 3548 - Downloaded : 3788 The karyotypes of Schizothorax kozlovi and S. lissolabiatus in the Subfamily Schizothoracinae, both of which are endemic to China, were investigated for the first time using the methods of kidney cell culture in vivo, and the numbers, sizes and morphology of the chromosomes in the two species were expatiated. The karyotype formula of S. kozlovi could be stated as 2n = 92 = 18M + 14SM + 16ST + 44T, FN = 124, and that of S. lissolabiatus might be described as 2n = 148 = 44M + 36SM + 20ST + 48T, FN = 228. S. kozlovi was probably a tetraploid species while S. lissolabiatus should be a hexaploid one, both these two species should belong to the primitive group in Schizothoracinae.
Almost all species karyologically investigated were polyploid including tetraploid and hexaploid in Schizothoracinae. The karyotypes in the subfamily might be originated from the primitive karyotype in Cyprinidae through approaches of centromere breakage, polyploidization and polyploidization with centromere breakage, Robertsonian translocation or chromosome deletion, under the pressure of rigorously natural selection in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Also, the karyotypes evolved with the increase of number proportion of the metacentric (submetacentric) chromosomes in somatic cell of the species in Schizothoracinae. Keywords : Schizothorax kozlovi, Schizothorax lissolabiatus, Schizothoracinae, karyotype, chromosome